A layman’s guide to Dosing Pumps

A dosing pump is a positive displacement pump transports very precise flow rates of a chemical or other substance into a fluid stream. Its mechanism involves dragging a measured quantity of fluid into the chamber and then injecting this volume rate into the container which is being dosed. The design is made as such that after being properly set up, it should look after on its own self and do not need any huge input. These pumps are used for many applications where automating fluid flow is required mainly in pharmaceutical water treatment plants.

In modern plants, control systems and software are used to ensure that the dosing pump is accurate and also to provide automation. Central control systems with sensors for pH, chlorine, and similar and variable rate control are used to this end.

There are a few options to choose from. These are namely –

Diaphragm 

• Type Constant Injection Pump – The chamber is filled and emptied by a piston and has a diaphragm and inlet and outlet valves. 

• Type Pulse Injection – The method is based on a diaphragm. A solenoid coil controls the pump which sucks in and injects the chemical in pulses. The time-gap between the pulses provide control of the flow rate. They are less accurate than others but are noted for their overall simplicity and inexpensiveness.

Lobe Type Pumps 

Their design allows the flux to pass through a set of meshing-gear impellers. They are not much accurate as of the other types due to the volume rate passing between the impellers and the impellers are quite susceptible to wear. They work to their full potential only when the flux is highly viscous and self-lubricating.

Peristaltic Pumps 

They have a flexible tube for carrying the product and the tube has a semi-circular cross-section. They are mainly used in the medical industry as they can be easily sterilized, and the pump mechanism can be quickly changed out if it is contaminated or damaged. They are highly accurate but they wear out quickly and cannot handle pumping into a high-pressure stream.

Dosing pumps are reliable to be used across many industries. In several industries that handle large quantities of fluids, including water treatment, agriculture, pharmaceutical, food processing, and mining, it is an essential automation component. In wastewater treatment, they are used for injecting chlorine into a water or fluid stream to cause a chemical reaction which maintains pH to the desired range or kills pathogens. For this use, they are also called chlorine dosing pump.

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