A dosing pump is a positive displacement
pump transports very precise flow rates of a chemical or other substance into a
fluid stream. Its mechanism involves dragging a measured quantity of fluid into
the chamber and then injecting this volume rate into the container which is
being dosed. The design is made as such that after being properly set up, it
should look after on its own self and do not need any huge input. These pumps
are used for many applications where automating fluid flow is required mainly
in pharmaceutical water treatment plants.
In modern plants, control systems and
software are used to ensure that the dosing pump is accurate and also to
provide automation. Central control systems with sensors for pH, chlorine, and
similar and variable rate control are used to this end.
There are a few options to choose from.
These are namely –
Diaphragm
- Type Constant Injection Pump – The chamber is filled and emptied by a piston and has a diaphragm and inlet and outlet valves.
- Type Pulse Injection – The method is based on a diaphragm. A solenoid coil controls the pump which sucks in and injects the chemical in pulses. The time-gap between the pulses provide control of the flow rate. They are less accurate than others but are noted for their overall simplicity and inexpensiveness.
Lobe Type Pumps
Their design allows the
flux to pass through a set of meshing-gear impellers. They are not much
accurate as of the other types due to the volume rate passing between the impellers
and the impellers are quite susceptible to wear. They work to their full
potential only when the flux is highly viscous and self-lubricating.
Peristaltic Pumps
They have a flexible
tube for carrying the product and the tube has a semi-circular cross-section.
They are mainly used in the medical industry as they can be easily sterilized,
and the pump mechanism can be quickly changed out if it is contaminated or
damaged. They are highly accurate but they wear out quickly and cannot handle
pumping into a high-pressure stream.
Dosing pumps are reliable to be used across
many industries. In several industries that handle large quantities of fluids,
including water treatment, agriculture, pharmaceutical, food processing, and
mining, it is an essential automation component. In wastewater treatment, they
are used for injecting chlorine into a water or fluid stream to cause a
chemical reaction which maintains pH to the desired range or kills pathogens.
For this use, they are also called chlorine dosing pump.
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